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Article History

Received: 24 August 2025

Accepted: 31 December 2025

First Online: 5 January 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The authors acknowledge that generative artificial intelligence tools were used solely for language refinement, grammar correction, and stylistic improvemnt. No AI system contributed to the generation of research ideas, data analysis, results interpretation, or the scientific conclusions presented in this manuscript. The authors take full responsibility for the integrity, originality, and accuracy of the content.