Ji, Yongcheng
Zhao, Yanbo
Alqurashi, Abdulaziz
Wang, Zhaoqiang
Zhang, Zhonglei
Funding for this research was provided by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52370128)
the project of Qingdao municipal engineering design research institute (2024230001000231)
Article History
Received: 3 October 2025
Accepted: 31 December 2025
First Online: 9 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.