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Authors
Mg, Wai Hnin Eaindrar
Zin, Thi Thi
Tin, Pyke
Aikawa, Masaru
Honkawa, Kazuyuki
Horii, Yoichiro
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Honkawa Ranch Research Grant (2019-A-01, 2019-A-01, 2019-A-01, 2019-A-01, 2019-A-01, 2019-A-01)
Japan Keirin Autorace Foundation (2023M-425, 2023M-425, 2023M-425, 2023M-425, 2023M-425, 2023M-425)
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Article History
Received: 17 July 2024
Accepted: 7 January 2025
First Online: 18 January 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethical review and approval were waived for this study, due to no enforced nor uncomfortable restriction to the animals during the study period. The image data of calving process used for analysis in this study were collected by an installed camera without disturbing natural parturient behavior of animals and routine management of the farm.
