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Authors
Xie, Yan
Peng, Xinrui
Yin, Jian-Kai
Lu, Xinyi
Ye, Yang
Chen, Yu
Wu, Juan
Sun, Yan
Gu, Ying
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Article History
Received: 29 October 2024
Accepted: 24 February 2025
First Online: 28 March 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All authors approved the manuscript.
: Informed consent was obtained from all NHANES participants as part of the data collection process, in accordance with the ethical guidelines established by the NHANES program.
: The NCHS Ethics Review Board protects the rights and welfare of NHANES participants. The NHANES protocol complies with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Policy for the Protection of Human Research Subjects. NCHS IRB/ERC Protocol number: #2011-17 and #2005-06. Ethical review and approval were waived for this study as it solely used publicly available data for research and publication.
: Informed consent was obtained from all participants.
