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Authors
Xu, Hao
Zhang, Yu
Zhang, Zhe
Wang, Jian
Shen, Chong
Wu, Zhouliang
Qie, Yunkai
Tian, Dawei
Liu, Shenglai
Hu, Hailong
Wu, Changli
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Technology Project of Tianjin Binhai New Area Health Commission (2019BWKY026)
The Talents Cultivated Project of Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University (MNRC202313)
the Youth Fund of Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital (2022ydey15)
Scientific Research Project of Tianjin Municipal Education Commission (2022ZD069)
Tianjin Municipal Health Industry Key Project (TJWJ2022XK014)
Tianjin Health Science and Technology Project (ZC20119)
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Article History
Received: 9 January 2025
Accepted: 24 March 2025
First Online: 26 March 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: In accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments, the present study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University (Office Address: Third floor of the Comprehensive Building, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China) (ethics approval number: KY2024K207, date of approval: April 15, 2024). All patients’ records were analyzed anonymously in the retrospective study, which did not affect the clinical course of any patient. Due to the retrospective nature of the study, Medical Ethics Committee of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University waived the need of obtaining informed consent.
