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Authors
Kato, Kumiko
Shinoda, Kei
Yokogawa, Naoto
Tajima, Takumi
Takahashi, Toshiya
Kondo, Mineo
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
GlaxoSmithKline K.K.
Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation
Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation
JMDC, Inc.
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Article History
Received: 17 December 2024
Accepted: 31 March 2025
First Online: 10 April 2025
Declarations
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: Kumiko Kato declares no competing interests; Mineo Kondo declares no competing interests; Kei Shinoda declares no competing interests; Naoto Yokogawa declares receiving speaker fees from Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., GlaxoSmithKline K.K., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation; Takumi Tajima is an employee of JMDC, Inc.; and Toshiya Takahashi is an employee of Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation.
: The data source for this study was an anonymized, de-identified/de-linked secondary database that was used only for research purposes by the database vendor and was not linked to individual patient medical records. The requirement for informed consent was waived, and an opt-out approach was applied in compliance with local regulations. The study adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was not obtained because local regulations do not require it for studies utilizing pre-existing anonymized, de-identified/de-linked databases.
