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Authors
Kelem, Amanuel
Engidaye, Getabalew
Addisu, Bedasa
Mandefro, Befikad
Teketelew, Bisrat Birke
Berta, Dereje Mengesha
Mulatie, Zewudu
Gelaw, Yemataw
Adane, Tiruneh
Tsegaye, Aster
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Debre Berhan University
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Article History
Received: 19 March 2025
Accepted: 21 April 2025
First Online: 23 April 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was conducted following ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Asrat Woldeyes Health science campus, Debre Berhan University (Reference number: IRB 01/124/2016), with additional permission obtained from the Debre Berhan Blood Bank. Before data collection, informed written consent was obtained from all participants after they were thoroughly briefed on the study’s objectives, procedures, and voluntary nature. Participants were assured of their right to withdraw at any stage without consequences, and confidentiality of their data was strictly maintained. To ensure participants’ safety, those with abnormal findings were referred to appropriate healthcare facilities for follow-up care. All procedures adhered to ethical standards and regulatory guidelines to protect the rights and welfare of participants.
