Yahya, Salah I.
Zubir, Farid
Nouri, Leila
Jizat, Noorlindawaty Md
Funding for this research was provided by:
UTM Fundamental Research (Q.J130000.3823.23H92)
UTM Fundamental Research (Q.J130000.3823.23H92)
UTM Fundamental Research (Q.J130000.3823.23H92)
Higher Institution Centre of Excellence, Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia, Wireless Communication Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (R.J130000.7823.4J610)
Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
Article History
Received: 24 April 2025
Accepted: 1 January 2026
First Online: 8 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Conceptualization- F.Z., L.N., N.M.J.; Data curation- F.Z., L.N.; Formal analysis- F.Z., L.N., S.I.Y.; Funding acquisition- F.Z., N.M.J.; Investigation- F.Z., L.N., S.I.Y.; Methodology- F.Z., L.N.; Project administration- S.I.Y., L.N., N.M.J.; Resources- F.Z., L.N., N.M.J.; Software- F.Z., L.N.; Supervision- F.Z., L.N.; Validation- F.Z., L.N.; Visualization– F.Z., L.N.; S.I.Y.; Writing– original draft- F.Z., L.N.; Writing– review & editing- F.Z., L.N., S.I.Y., N.M.J.
: Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to F.Z. and L.N.