Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Chi, Xiuting
Wang, Mingchao
Gao, Yue
Ge, Zhipu
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Qingdao Key Health Discipline Development Fund (2025-2027)
Qingdao Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases (22-3-7-lczx-7-nsh)
Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline of Oral Medicin (2025-2027)
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 3 October 2025
Accepted: 2 January 2026
First Online: 12 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This retrospective study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki by the World Medical Association. Approval for the study and the use of patient data was granted by the Medical Ethics Committee of Qingdao Stomatological Hospital (Approval No. 2024KQYX015). The requirement for informed consent was waived by this committee due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of fully anonymized radiographic images.
