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Authors
Fragapane, Francesco
Tanner, Moritz
Attin, Thomas
Wegehaupt, Florian J.
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Article History
Received: 8 August 2025
Accepted: 5 January 2026
First Online: 12 January 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The bovine teeth used in this study were obtained from the jaws of animals slaughtered for human consumption. As a result, these teeth are considered slaughter waste, and its use is not covered by the Animal Welfare Act. Therefore, there was no requirement for ethics committee clearance in order to conduce the experiment.
