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Article History

Received: 8 September 2025

Accepted: 6 January 2026

First Online: 16 January 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The author declares that the manuscript has not been submitted to other journals.

: All the authors agree to publish.

: The author (Saheed Adekunle Ganiyu) have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose and took proper permission for sample collection before and after.Reconnaissance survey/inspection was firstly made to the two locations, locating shallow hand dug wells nearer to the two dumpsites. Thereafter, we met with the owners of those houses with dug wells, informing them about the motive of the research work. They obliged us (by willingly allow us to collect the samples whenever we are ready) and also provide us with necessary information about the well (year and depth). The owners asked us to let them know about the outcomes of the study.