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Authors
Heir, Fereshteh Manafzadeh
Najafzadeh, Hossein https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7411-8480
Erfani, Sarvenaz
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Article History
Received: 3 December 2025
Accepted: 8 January 2026
First Online: 29 January 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, as an institutional requirement, despite the use of the publicly available and fully anonymized LibriSpeech dataset. This approval was obtained as a formal precaution to ensure compliance with institutional research governance policies. Written informed consent was waived as the study utilized pre-existing, de-identified data from the public domain without direct participant involvement.
