Wu, Chengpeng
Chen, Zhidong
Ying, Beihua
Tan, Guangxing
Hu, Bing
Li, Chunyu
Chen, Haifeng
Funding for this research was provided by:
the 2025 annual research project of Zhejiang Business Technology Institute (KYND202506)
the Scientific Research Foundation Project of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department (Y202454306)
the Natural Science Foundation Project of Ningbo (2023J122)
the Natural Science Foundation Project of Zhejiang Province (LTGG24F010001)
Article History
Received: 11 September 2025
Accepted: 8 January 2026
First Online: 17 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: In this study, all data were derived from the widely used public data sets COCO and MPII. This article understands and complies with the relevant license agreement or terms of use of the data set to ensure that the use of the data set is in accordance with the regulations. In this study, only human image data was used for the human pose estimation task.