Chen, Wei-hong
Xu, Jing
Zheng, Ling-tao
You, Hui-jie
Ke, Yu-min
Funding for this research was provided by:
Science and Technology Project of Quan Zhou (2025QZNG009)
the General Project of Qihang Fund of Fujian Medical University (2024QH1120)
Article History
Received: 14 August 2025
Accepted: 8 January 2026
First Online: 17 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study utilized data from the MIMIC-IV (Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV) database, a publicly available de-identified dataset approved by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Institutional Review Board (MIT IRB). All protected health information was removed by the database administrators, and patients were assigned random identifiers to ensure privacy. The study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki and the MIMIC-IV Data Use Agreement.