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Authors
Dan, Liao
Yanni, Wei
Guiyi, Liao
Wenting, Liang
Zhangjie, Ma
Yanmei, Qiu
Yan, Li
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Article History
Received: 22 November 2025
Accepted: 14 January 2026
First Online: 23 January 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable. This study only involves environmental sampling of handwashing sinks in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, without involving human subjects, collection of personal health information, or intervention on patients. The sampling process strictly adheres to the hospital’s routine infection control monitoring protocols and relevant operational standards, and does not require ethical approval.
