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Authors
Lee, Youngseop https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6361-3616
Bai, Kyungah https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5265-4674
Kim, Young Jae https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0443-0051
Kim, Jisup https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0742-5517
Kim, Kwang Gi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9714-6038
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Gachon University (GCU-2024-202410530001)
Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (RS-2025-02305698)
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Article History
Received: 30 July 2025
Accepted: 22 January 2026
First Online: 12 March 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Gil Hospital of Gachon University (Approval Number: GBIRB2024-121). All experimental protocols were conducted in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations, strictly adhering to the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.
: The requirement for informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study design.
