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Authors
Zou, Xiang
Zhou, Hao
Liu, Mianyu
Qiang, Guangfeng
Dai, Ping
Sui, Juan
Kong, Jie
Luo, Kun
Meng, Xianhong
Xing, Qun
Fu, Qiang
Luan, Sheng
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 32573496)
The Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2025MS316)
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Article History
Received: 30 October 2025
Accepted: 23 January 2026
First Online: 30 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The experiments conducted in this study involved P. vanname i, which is classified as a lower invertebrate. According to the relevant national and institutional regulations, experiments involving lower invertebrates, such as P. vannamei , do not require ethical approval, as they are not classified under vertebrates or higher invertebrates that typically necessitate such oversight.
