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Authors
Yang, Kairui
Hu, Yunlong
Ma, Chunhui
Wang, Jianing
Wang, Yang
Han, Xuejie
Lv, Jiafeng
Zhang, Xiaolei
Cui, Yunliang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shandong Provincial Medical and Health Science and Technology Development Program Project (202117011071)
Jinan Municipal Clinical Medical Science and Technology Innovation Program Project (202134069)
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Article History
Received: 12 December 2025
Accepted: 29 January 2026
First Online: 3 February 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of the 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistic Support Force located in Jinan. The approval number and date of approval are as follows: No. 2021-44 and March 5, 2021.
: All patients provided written informed consent at the time of clinical sample collection for experiments, ensuring that the research process complied with ethical norms and that patients’ rights and wishes were fully respected.
