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Article History

Received: 13 June 2025

Accepted: 30 January 2026

First Online: 12 February 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This study used retrospective, de-identified electronic medical record (EMR) data extracted from a sentinel primary care clinic affiliated with the Northern Alberta Primary Care Research Network (NAPCReN). The data custodians were two attending family physicians at the clinic, who provided consent for the use of the data. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Individual informed consent was not required, as the data were de-identified prior to access and used in compliance with applicable privacy legislation and institutional policies. The study was approved by the University of Alberta Research Ethics Board (ID: Pro00088808), with informed consent obtained from the data custodians (i.e., physicians participating in the study).