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Authors
Yang, Miao
Dang, Shan
Gao, Li
Zhang, Jin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Key Teacher Training Program of North Henan Medical University (SQ2022GGJS03)
The Key Teacher Training Program of North Henan Medical University (SQ2022GGJS03)
The Key Teacher Training Program of North Henan Medical University (SQ2022GGJS03)
The Key Teacher Training Program of North Henan Medical University (SQ2022GGJS03)
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Article History
Received: 25 August 2025
Accepted: 31 January 2026
First Online: 7 February 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the institutional guidelines for laboratory research involving nanomaterials and chemical substances. Ethical approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of North Henan Medical University (Protocol Number: NHMU-2023-058). All experimental procedures involving synthesis and characterization of nanoparticles were performed following standard laboratory safety protocols and environmental regulations. Proper disposal procedures for heavy metal solutions and nanomaterial waste were implemented in accordance with institutional environmental safety guidelines.
