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Molecular insights into efflux pump genes in ciprofloxacin- and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis clinical isolates from Iraq

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-39078-2

Published Online: 2026-02-09

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Jameel, Thowiba Yousif

Idris, Abeer Babiker

Salman, Mustafa Abdulkareem

Ayvaz, Abdurrahman
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-02-09

Version of Record valid from 2026-03-03
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Article History

Received: 18 February 2025

Accepted: 1 February 2026

First Online: 9 February 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of the University of Diyala, Faculty of Medicine, Iraq, which approved and conducted the study (Date April 28th, 2024 / No 208, Approval number: 2024TYJ852). Writing informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study.

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