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Authors
Yu, Kaihao
Samsudin, Shamsulariffin Bin
Ramlan, Mohd Aswad
Manaf, Faizal Bin Abd
Cong, Yuxin
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Article History
Received: 20 December 2025
Accepted: 9 February 2026
First Online: 15 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, the studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia Ethics Committee (Approval Number: 2023.201550025). The participants provided their written informed consent to participate in this study. All methods were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.
