Gu, Zewen
Liu, Yalong
Kong, Xiangqing
Ding, Xiaoxuan
Hou, Xiaonan
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (12402109)
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2024QA010)
Qingdao Postdoctoral Science Foundation (QDBSH20240201002)
Article History
Received: 16 December 2025
Accepted: 9 February 2026
First Online: 12 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The codes of transient simulation, machine learning model and data are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.