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Authors
Guglielmi, Vincent E.
Cummings, Jason E.
Whittel, Nicholas J.
Langland, Erik A.
Slayden, Richard A.
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Article History
Received: 5 November 2025
Accepted: 10 February 2026
First Online: 13 February 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All vertebrate animal use at Colorado State University was conducted in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th edition (National Academies Press, 2011), and approved by the Colorado State University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee under protocol number 5172. The university is accredited by the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International (AAALAC), and maintains an animal welfare assurance number A3572-01, which is on file with the NIH Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW). Animals were housed in a state-of-the-art ABSL2 and ABSL3 facilities under the supervision of full-time staff veterinarians and support personnel. Veterinary care was provided in accordance with the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) Guidelines.
