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Authors
Hojjati Najafabadi, Akbar
Namdarian, Parastoo
loghmani, Hossein
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Article History
Received: 18 September 2025
Accepted: 10 February 2026
First Online: 7 August 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
<b>Ethical approval</b>: Ethical approval was waived by the Institutional Review Board of Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, as the study used fully anonymized, retrospective imaging data with no patient identifiers. All images underwent DICOM de-identification (burned-in text removal) prior to analysis.
