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Article History

Received: 21 July 2025

Accepted: 12 February 2026

First Online: 2 March 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Seoul National University of Science and Technology (Approval Number: SEOULTECH-IRB-2023-0847, Date: March 15, 2023). All participating organizations provided written informed consent for data collection and analysis. Employee data was anonymized and aggregated to protect individual privacy, with all personally identifiable information removed prior to analysis. The research protocol ensured compliance with data protection regulations and organizational confidentiality requirements. Participating organizations retained the right to withdraw from the study at any time without penalty.