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Authors
El Halfawy, Nancy M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5687-0158
Gouda, Mona K.
Elgayar, Fatma A.
Badran, Alaa Aboelnour
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Alexandria University
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Article History
Received: 2 August 2025
Accepted: 13 February 2026
First Online: 11 March 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The Institutional Review Board of Mansoura University, Egypt, approved the study (IRB: R.25.01.3002) on 21-8-2023. The study does not include any personal data, and the patients did not directly participate in this research work; informed consent was obtained from the patients. All study processes were conducted in accordance with the principles guiding research involving human participants as set out in the Declaration of Helsinki.
