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Authors
Gonkowski, Slawomir
Tzatzarakis, Manolis
Kadyralieva, Nariste
Vakonaki, Elena
Lamprakis, Thomas
Sen, Ismail
Ramazan, Fatih I.
Zhunushova, Aiday
Makowska, Krystyna
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University Scientific Research Office (KTMU-BAP - 2025.FB.04)
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Article History
Received: 19 December 2025
Accepted: 16 February 2026
First Online: 27 February 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethical review and approval were waived for this study because hair sample collection was non-invasive, painless, and performed during routine care and/or breeding activities. Under the European Union, such procedures do not require ethics committee approval. In Poland, ethical approval was not needed based on the Act for the Protection of Animals for Scientific or Educational Purposes of 15 January 2015 (Journal of Laws 2015, No. 266). According to this Act, activities involving animals during veterinary treatment or procedures less invasive than a needle prick are exempt from ethics committee approval. This regulation aligns with European Union law. However, approval from the Kyrgyzstan Local Ethics Committee for Research on Animals was obtained - from the Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University Animal Researches Local Ethic Committee in the session held on November 27th, 2024 (decision number 2024/09).
: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.
