Sharif, Imdadul Haque
Primu, Farjana Sultana
Joy, Md. Nahid Hasan
Tithi, Monika Halder
Chowdhury, Ashik
Pretha, Pradipta Debnath
Jamal, Abu Hena Mostafa
Roy, Tusar Kanti https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2091-741X
Ismail, Zulhilmi
Islam, Md. Saiful https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0321-8534
Idris, Abubakr M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4038-4769
Article History
Received: 10 October 2025
Accepted: 18 February 2026
First Online: 2 March 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in compliance with ethical standards and guidelines. The study did not involve the use of any animal models or human participants. In the current study, Ag NPs via plant-derived material and their antibacterial and antifungal efficacy against bacterial and fungal species were assessed. All experimental procedures were carried out according to institutional and international ethical standards for laboratory-based research.
: All of the authors have read and approved the paper, and it has not been published previously nor is it being considered by any other peer-reviewed journal. Also, this manuscript has not been submitted to any preprint server before submission.
: The authors declare no conflicts of interest, and ethical approval, consent to participate, and data-availability statements do not apply to this study.