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Article History

Received: 5 August 2025

Accepted: 20 February 2026

First Online: 28 February 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The procedures employed in this study complied with the ethical standards of the relevant institutional and national research committees and adhered to the principles of the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments or equivalent ethical guidelines. This study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Show Chwan Memorial Hospital under a Full Board determination (approval number: 1110102), with approval granted on January 12, 2022. All participants were fully informed about the study’s objectives, procedures, and their rights, and written informed consent was obtained prior to participation.

: Every participant in the study provided their explicit informed consent.