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Authors
Salem, Hala S.
Enan, Enas T.
Hamama, Hamdi
Ismail, Marwa S.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Mansoura University
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Article History
Received: 29 November 2025
Accepted: 23 February 2026
First Online: 24 March 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All procedures performed in this study, were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations of Helsinki Declarations. The collated teeth were extracted for therapeutic reasons unrelated to the study, with prior informed consent from healthy individuals who were seeking dental care at The Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University. The patients were voluntary donating the extracted teeth to the faculty for utilizing in research purpose. All the experimental protocols were approved by the Ethical Council of the Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University with Ethical approval # A0202024DM.
: Not applicable.
