Xu, Shuyuan
Sun, Haodong
Zhang, Lingyun
Han, Juan
Pan, Ruikai
Yang, Liwen
Xiang, Xinghua
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province (202303021211196)
Teaching Reform and Innovation Project of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi Province (J20241550)
Key Laboratory of Transparent Mine Geology and Digital Twin Technology, National Mine Safety Administration Open Topics (No.SYSKT-2025-6)
Research Program of Northwest Institute of Eco-environment Resources of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Project No. HF2025-R&D-722)
Article History
Received: 9 December 2025
Accepted: 23 February 2026
First Online: 12 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.