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Authors
Du, Mingchao
Wang, Zixiao
Zhang, Kun
Liu, Yanli
Zhang, Daixiang
Yang, Shibin
Yu, Tongzhu
Ma, Jian
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2023QA035)
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2023QA035)
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2023QA035)
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2023QA035)
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2023QA035)
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2023QA035)
Development Plan for Youth Innovation Teams in Higher Education Institutions in Shandong Province (2023KG304)
Development Plan for Youth Innovation Teams in Higher Education Institutions in Shandong Province (2023KG304)
Development Plan for Youth Innovation Teams in Higher Education Institutions in Shandong Province (2023KG304)
Development Plan for Youth Innovation Teams in Higher Education Institutions in Shandong Province (2023KG304)
Development Plan for Youth Innovation Teams in Higher Education Institutions in Shandong Province (2023KG304)
Development Plan for Youth Innovation Teams in Higher Education Institutions in Shandong Province (2023KG304)
Technology Innovation Guidance of Shandong Province Plan (YDZX2024119)
Technology Innovation Guidance of Shandong Province Plan (YDZX2024119)
Major Innovation Projects in Shandong Province (2025CXGC010214)
Major Innovation Projects in Shandong Province (2025CXGC010214)
Major Innovation Projects in Shandong Province (2025CXGC010214)
Major Innovation Projects in Shandong Province (2025CXGC010214)
Major Innovation Projects in Shandong Province (2025CXGC010214)
Major Innovation Projects in Shandong Province (2025CXGC010214)
Major Innovation Projects in Shandong Province (2025CXGC010214)
Major Innovation Projects in Shandong Province (2025CXGC010214)
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2025QC584)
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Article History
Received: 11 October 2025
Accepted: 24 February 2026
First Online: 7 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
