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Authors
Shoaib, Natasha Nabila Mohammed
Chitra, Ebenezer
Ong, Jing Rou
Tan, Willem B. Jay
Neela, Vasantha Kumari
Halim, Ashraf Hakim Ab
Davamani, Fabian
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
International Medical University (MMHS 1/2018 (01))
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Article History
Received: 8 December 2025
Accepted: 25 February 2026
First Online: 11 March 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethics approval for this study was obtained from the National Medical Research Register (NMRR) (KKM/NIHSEC/P18-2188(R)) and the International Medical University (IMU) Joint Committee on Research Ethics (MMHS 1/2018 (01)). The patients were recruited after obtaining informed consent to participate in the study.
