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Authors
Zhang, Lingxiao
Li, Qi
Wu, Tingting
Chen, Huaye
Huang, Yanhua
Ma, Yanlin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund (ZDYF2022SHFZ312)
the specific research fund of The Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province (YSPTZX202310)
the Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center
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Article History
Received: 8 October 2025
Accepted: 25 February 2026
First Online: 22 April 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This retrospective study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University (approval number: 2023-KYL-264). The requirement for written informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee due to the retrospective nature of the study.
