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Article History

Received: 2 September 2025

Accepted: 26 February 2026

First Online: 11 March 2026

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: Patient enrollment and data collection procedures were supervised and approved by the Ethical Committee for Clinical Research of the 12 de Octubre university hospital (CEIC16-011). Written informed consent was obtained from all patients/participants prior to the study.All the animal experimental procedures were conducted according to the European and Spanish regulations in the field: European convention ETS 123, regarding the use and protection of vertebrate mammals used in experimentation and other scientific purposes, and Directive 2010/63/UE, Spanish Law 6/2013 and R.D. 53/2013 regarding the protection and use of animals in scientific research. All procedures were approved by the CIEMAT Animal Experimentation Ethics Committee in accordance with external and internal biosafety and bioethics guidelines, and were approved by the Consejería de Medio Ambiente, Agricultura e Interior de la Comunidad de Madrid (Spain; protocol numbers PROEX 150.8/21). Mice strains were housed at the CIEMAT laboratory Animal Facility (registration number ES280790000183).

: All authors have approved the manuscript for submission, and we confirm that the content of the manuscript has not been published or submitted for publication elsewhere.

: The authors declare no competing interests.