Alharbi, Eman
Ghanem, Ezzeldeen
Alhussaini, Waleed
Aldahri, Alaa
Alsahly, Magd
Al-Kaysi, Rabih O.
Almtiri, Mohammed
Alghanem, Bandar
Alsaif, Saif
Islam, Imadul
Funding for this research was provided by:
King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (RC21R/075/03)
Article History
Received: 25 October 2025
Accepted: 2 March 2026
First Online: 13 March 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was approved by KAIMRC/MNGHA Institutional Review Board (IRB) and written consent was obtained from subjects. Blank forms can be provided upon request.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Consistent with the objectives of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 initiative, which emphasizes environmental sustainability, this study received review and approval from both the ethical committee and the research advisory council. Funding for this work was provided by the King Abdullah International Medical Research Center at King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences in Riyadh (RC21R/075/03).
: All the authors declare that there is no conflict of interest toward this publication.