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Authors
Nakane, Ayako
Ando, Mariko
Yoshizumi, Yu
Mikushi, Shinya
Motomura, Kazuo
Tohara, Haruka
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Yuumi Memorial Foundation for Home Health Care
JSPS KAKENHI (JP21K17488)
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Article History
Received: 13 January 2025
Accepted: 3 March 2026
First Online: 8 March 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This retrospective study was conducted in compliance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethical Review Committee of the Faculty of Dentistry at Tokyo Medical and Dental University (Approval Number: D2021-013).
: Informed consent was obtained through an opt-out process. Participants were informed about the research purpose, the use of their data, and the potential for publication of the findings. They were given the opportunity to decline participation.
