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Article History

Received: 26 December 2025

Accepted: 6 March 2026

First Online: 30 March 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The approval number and date of approval are as follows: 2025-KY-018-01 and November 27, 2025. All patients provided written informed consent when clinical samples were collected for RT-qPCR experiments to ensure that the research process was in accordance with ethical norms and that the patients’ rights and xwishes were fully respected. All procedures involved in this study strictly adhered to the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki for research involving human participants. This study strictly adheres to ethical guidelines. The researchers comprehensively and clearly explain the study’s purpose, procedures, risks, and benefits to potential participants to ensure full comprehension. Ample time for consideration and opportunities for questions are provided. Upon obtaining explicit and voluntary agreement, a written informed consent form is jointly signed, with a copy provided to the participant for their records. The entire process respects the participant’s autonomy and safeguards their right to withdraw at any time without giving a reason.