Jin, Jiaxu
Xiao, Yong
Wu, Pengfei
Wang, Jun
Liu, Jie
Mo, Yunlong
Zhang, Lei
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52274206)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52404086)
State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering (SDGZK2420)
Article History
Received: 1 February 2026
Accepted: 6 March 2026
First Online: 17 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.