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Article History

Received: 12 November 2025

Accepted: 6 March 2026

First Online: 17 March 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The study protocol was reviewed and cleared by the Ethics Committee of the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University (approval No. KYLL-2023-0583). The participant provided written consent and was free to withdraw at any time; the study protocol complied with the 2013 Declaration of Helsinki.

: All authors have read and approved the final submitted manuscript.

: This study involves human participants (including the use of tissue samples) and has been conducted in strict accordance with the relevant ethical guidelines and laws and regulations. All participants or their legal guardians have been fully informed of the study’s purpose, methods, potential risks and benefits, and have signed a written informed consent form voluntarily. On behalf of all authors, I solemnly declare that informed consent has been obtained from all participants and/or their legal guardians. All relevant documents have been properly archived for future review.