Guo, Guiya
Song, Wangchen
Wang, Aimin
Cui, Qingxia
Yang, Xinyu
Wang, Yanxia
Ma, Yonghua
Han, Hairui
Li, Zihui
Zhang, Zhaoxue
Meng, Weijing
Wang, Suzhen
Shi, Fuyan
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81803337)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81803337)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81803337)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81803337)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81803337)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81803337)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81803337)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81803337)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81803337)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81803337)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81803337)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81872719)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81803337)
Shandong Provincial Youth Innovation Team Development Plan of Colleges and Universities (2019-6-156, Lu-Jiao)
Shandong Provincial Youth Innovation Team Development Plan of Colleges and Universities (2019-6-156, Lu-Jiao)
Shandong Provincial Youth Innovation Team Development Plan of Colleges and Universities (2019-6-156, Lu-Jiao)
Shandong Provincial Youth Innovation Team Development Plan of Colleges and Universities (2019-6-156, Lu-Jiao)
Shandong Provincial Youth Innovation Team Development Plan of Colleges and Universities (2019-6-156, Lu-Jiao)
Shandong Provincial Youth Innovation Team Development Plan of Colleges and Universities (2019-6-156, Lu-Jiao)
Shandong Provincial Youth Innovation Team Development Plan of Colleges and Universities (2019-6-156, Lu-Jiao)
Shandong Provincial Youth Innovation Team Development Plan of Colleges and Universities (2019-6-156, Lu-Jiao)
Shandong Provincial Youth Innovation Team Development Plan of Colleges and Universities (2019-6-156, Lu-Jiao)
Shandong Provincial Youth Innovation Team Development Plan of Colleges and Universities (2019-6-156, Lu-Jiao)
Shandong Provincial Youth Innovation Team Development Plan of Colleges and Universities (2019-6-156, Lu-Jiao)
Shandong Provincial Youth Innovation Team Development Plan of Colleges and Universities (2019-6-156, Lu-Jiao)
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2023MH313)
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2023MH313)
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2023MH313)
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2023MH313)
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2023MH313)
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2023MH313)
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2023MH313)
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2023MH313)
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2023MH313)
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2023MH313)
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2023MH313)
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2023MH313)
Article History
Received: 16 September 2025
Accepted: 10 March 2026
First Online: 22 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and publication of this article.
: Data used in this study were obtained from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). The ADNI was approved by the Institutional Review Boards of all participating centers. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants or authorized representatives according to the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki. (for details, see ).