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Authors
Dong, Lingling
Li, Yongzheng
Feng, Yuting
Wang, Xijuan
Liu, Yonghong
Ke, Xiurong
Yu, Lijun
Fan, Lijie
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province Foundation (2021M001)
the Medical and Health Technology Project of Hangzhou (A20230968)
the Medical and Health Research Project of Zhejiang Province (2025KY174)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82101649)
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Article History
Received: 24 November 2025
Accepted: 11 March 2026
First Online: 16 March 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All of the animal experiments of this study were strictly performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the ARRIVE guidelines (PLoS Bio 8(6), e1000412,2010). The animal studies of this study were registered under ethical committee approval number ZJU21202 and ZJU20220475 by the Ethics Committee of Zhejiang University respectively. The anesthesia and euthanasia methods of this study were performed in accordance with the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals (2020). The sample size is calculated based on pre-experimental data ( n = 6, using random grouping). All data were expressed as the mean ± SD and analyzed for variance using SPSS 26.0, with a significance level of p < 0.05.
