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Authors
Yang, Yemeng
Zhang, Tao
Zheng, Xi
Lu, Yi
Qu, Dan
Zhu, Zhijing
Liu, Xinjuan
Wang, Jiaman
Ma, Fenfen
Yang, Tao
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Innovation Research Project of Shanghai Pudong Hospital (YJLC202409)
Plan of Artificial Intelligence-Driven Reform of Scientific Research Paradigms and Empowerment of Discipline Advancement (Z-2024-369-036)
Health Science and Technology of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health Committee (20214Y0268)
the Health Commission of Pudong New Area Health and Technology Project (PW2023A-31)
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Article History
Received: 31 January 2025
Accepted: 16 March 2026
First Online: 18 March 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This investigation was designed as a retrospective analysis based on previously collected clinical data and was conducted under a waiver of informed consent. The waiver was formally reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, prior to the initiation of the study. Furthermore, the study protocol, developed in strict compliance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent revisions, received approval from the same committee (Approval No: 2024-KY-001-E01).
: Not applicable.
