Chen, Yifan
Lin, Chutong
Lu, Yingyuan
Zeng, Huihui
Xue, Lixiang
Qiang, Guangliang
Funding for this research was provided by:
Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of National Research Institute for Family Planning (2025GJPY03)
Key Clinical Projects of Peking University Third Hospital (BYSYZD2025049)
Key Clinical Projects of Peking University Third Hospital (BYSYRCYJ2023001)
Beijing Natural Science Foundation (7252220)
Project of the China Association for Promotion of Health Science and Technology (JKHY2023003)
Article History
Received: 29 December 2025
Accepted: 16 March 2026
First Online: 23 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: No artificial intelligence (AI) tools, including large language models or machine learning software, were used in the preparation, analysis, or presentation of this manuscript.