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Authors
Chen, Yue
Wang, Yan
Zhao, Dehua
Ran, Hongmin
Fu, Dandan
Yang, Nana
Luo, Jimei
Ma, Lina
Hu, Qiuhang
Huang, Lulu
Li, Changxiu
Luo, Luwen
Liu, Rong
Zeng, Hui
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Basic Research Project of Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Department (Qian Ke He Ji Chu-ZK [2022] General 645)
Zunyi City–Hospital Joint Project of Guizhou Province, China (Zunshi Kehe HZ Character (2025) 123)
the Science and Technology Department of Guizhou Province, China (Qian Ke He Cheng Guo–LC [2024] 035)
the Science and Technology Fund Project of Guizhou Provincial Health Commission, China (gzwkj2025-579)
the Guizhou Nursing Association (GZHLKY202207)
the Zunyi City Key Laboratory of Digital Intelligence for Chronic Disease Management and Smart Elderly Care (Zunyi Science and Technology Cooperation Program SYS[2025]8)
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Article History
Received: 21 December 2025
Accepted: 19 March 2026
First Online: 31 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (Approval No. YXLL(KY)-2025-045). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrollment. All data were collected anonymously and analyzed in a de-identified manner to ensure participant confidentiality.
