Selim, Samy
Alhujaily, Ahmad
Saied, Ebrahim
Hashem, Amr H.
Elkady, Fathy M.
Abdelaziz, Amer M.
Abdulrahman, Mohammed S.
Alsenani, Faisal
Shaghaleh, Hiba
Gattan, Hattan S.
Alruhaili, Mohammed H.
Alharbi, Mohanned T.
Hussein, Ahmed M.
Funding for this research was provided by:
This work was funded by the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at Jouf University (DGSSR-2025-FC-01007)
Article History
Received: 24 January 2026
Accepted: 19 March 2026
First Online: 27 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All experiments involving cell lines were conducted in accordance with institutional guidelines, and no ethical approval was required as commercially available established cell lines were used.