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Authors
Jhuntama, N.
Kumpika, T.
Intaniwet, A.
Thongsuwan, W.
Singjai, P.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fundamental Fund, Chiang Mai University
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Article History
Received: 7 January 2026
Accepted: 20 March 2026
First Online: 28 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used generative AI tools (ChatGPT by OpenAI and Gemini by Google DeepMind) solely for language refinement and grammar improvement. No AI tools were used to generate, analyze, interpret, or draw conclusions from scientific data or results.All scientific content, analyses, and interpretations were developed entirely by the authors, who take full responsibility for the accuracy and integrity of the manuscript.
