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Article History

Received: 10 November 2025

Accepted: 24 March 2026

First Online: 28 March 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This study strictly adhered to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and complied with the ethical guidelines issued by relevant national and institutional authorities. The research protocol was formally reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Chengdu Sport University (Approval Number: CTYLL2025004) to ensure compliance with ethical research standards. As the majority of participants in this study were minors, their rights were fully protected throughout the implementation of the research, including but not limited to obtaining consent through their legal guardians when applicable. In special cases, we obtained approval from the Ethics Committee to communicate with parents through class teachers and obtain parental consent in these specific circumstances. The study followed ethical standards to ensure informed consent, and participants’ privacy was rigorously safeguarded during data collection and analysis. All procedures were designed to minimize potential risks, while ensuring safety, respect, and confidentiality, effectively protecting the rights and well-being of the participants.