Wang, Xinran
Qin, Sirun
Peng, Bohao
Xiang, Hong
Tao, Ye
Guo, Chengxian
Lu, Hongwei
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82470475)
Article History
Received: 7 November 2025
Accepted: 24 March 2026
First Online: 9 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The CHARLS protocol complied with the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval from the Biomedical Ethics Review Committee of Peking University (IRB 00001052–11015). All participants gave written informed consent.
: The authors declare no competing interests.